Compared to Western, Chinese paid more attention to the harmonious relation between human and nature; "Nature and Human as one entity" is a familiar statement in traditional Chinese ideology. Much emphasis is laid upon the moral cultivation and temper refinement as well as the spiritual enlightenment on the part of the individual rather than upon the logic reasoning.

For thousands of years, China, so to speak, has been under the influence of a holistic system of thoughts, which is largely composed of Confucianism - which initiated by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism - which initiated by Laozi and Zhuangzi, as well as Buddhism with Chinese characteristics, among which Confucianism played a fundamental role in shaping the traditional Chinese ideology.